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A Frequency-Domain Differential Protection Scheme Based on Discrete Laplace Transform Considering the Effects of Voltage and Current Transformers in Transmission Lines
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Ehsan Akbari *   |
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Abstract: (131 Views) |
Traditional differential protection schemes, which are generally implemented based on time-domain modeling, exhibit poor performance under frequency deviations caused by the frequency responses of voltage and current transformers in transmission networks. As a result, they often show significant errors in fault detection and in distinguishing between internal and external faults in practical applications. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel protection scheme based on the frequency characteristics of transmission lines while considering the effects of voltage and current transformers. In the proposed scheme, the transient components of voltage and current at the transmission line terminals are measured and, through modal transformation and discrete Laplace transform, the differential and complex frequency-domain components are extracted. These components are then used for fault detection and for distinguishing between internal and external faults. The proposed protection scheme is characterized by its independence from power level, sensitivity to high-impedance faults, low sampling rate requirement, and low computational burden. Simulation studies in MATLAB validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
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| Keywords: Differential protection scheme, Discrete Laplace transform, Voltage and current transformers, Transmission line frequency characteristics. |
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Full-Text [PDF 2228 kb]
(30 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/05/3 | Accepted: 2025/07/16 | Published: 2025/09/1
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| * Corresponding Author Address: e.akbari@ustmb.ac.ir |
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